Mu Bushinwa bwa kera, umugani wumusaza wumupfapfa Wimura imisozi urerekana umwuka udacogora wo kwihangana ukoresheje imbaraga zitinze kandi zihamye.

Igihe ikiremwamuntu cyinjiraga mu kinyejana cya 18, Impinduramatwara ya mbere mu nganda ntabwo yazanye impinduka mu ikoranabuhanga gusa ahubwo yazanye impinduka nini mu mibereho, itangiza igihe imashini zatangiye gusimbuza imirimo y'amaboko. Kuva icyo gihe, uruganda rwo gucukura no gucukura amabuye rwateye imbere byihuse rugana ku buryo bwihuse, burambye, kandi bunoze. Muri iki gikorwa, hateguwe uburyo butandukanye bwo guhuza inkoni ya drill, harimo insanganyamatsiko zisanzwe za API hamwe nududodo tumeze nka trapezoidal.

Amahame yimikorere yizi nsanganyamatsiko aratandukanye, biganisha kubisabwa bitandukanye. Inzobere mu bya tekinike mu nganda zicukura yaganiriye ku mugaragaro insanganyamatsiko y’imyitozo ya roller-cone hamwe n’inkoni yo hejuru yo ku nyundo. Ubushishozi butangwa bufite agaciro kuburyo bivugwa ko bufite agaciro karenze imyaka icumi yo kwiga.

Ibikoresho bya peteroli roller-cone ikora mukuzunguruka no kumenagura urutare, hamwe ninkoni ya drill ukoresheje insinga zisanzwe za API. Izi nyuzi zifite gusa imbaraga za axial, imbaraga za torsional, nimbaraga zimwe zingaruka, zidakwirakwiza imbaraga zingaruka kumubiri winkoni. Urudodo rusanzwe rwa API rwateguwe cyane cyane guhuza, gufunga, no gufunga, bikavamo gukoresha ingufu nkeya hamwe nubushyuhe bukabije.

Ibinyuranyo, inkoni yo hejuru yinyundo isanzwe ikoresha imigozi ya R cyangwa T. Ingufu ziva mu myitozo ya hydraulic zanduzwa binyuze mu nkoni kugeza kuri bito, biganisha ku gutakaza ingufu nk’ubushyuhe ku murongo, hamwe n’ubushyuhe bushobora kurenga 400 ° C. Niba insinga zisanzwe za API zarakoreshejwe ku nkoni zo hejuru zo ku nyundo, ntabwo zaba zidafite ubushobozi bwo kohereza ingufu, ariko kandi zishobora no guterwa nisuri, bigatuma inkoni zimyitozo zigoye kuyisenya kandi bikagira ingaruka zikomeye kubikorwa byubwubatsi no kongera ibiciro.

Mu myaka ya za 1970 na 80, ubushakashatsi bwimbitse bwakozwe ninzobere z’amahanga ku nsanganyamatsiko zikoreshwa mu nkoni zo hejuru zo ku nyundo, urebye imiterere y’umuraba, ikomatanya, ihinduranya, FL, na trapezoidal. Hanzuwe ko insinga zimeze nkizunguruka zikwiranye ninkoni zifite diametero ziri munsi ya mm 38, mugihe insinga za trapezoidal zikwiranye ninkoni zifite diameter ziri hagati ya mm 38 na mm 51.

Mu kinyejana cya 21, hamwe na diameter yiyongera ya bits yo hejuru yinyundo no gutekereza ku mbaraga zumuzi, amasosiyete atandukanye yo gucukura yazanye ubwoko bushya bwinsanganyamatsiko nka SR, ST, na GT binyuze mubushakashatsi burambye niterambere.

Muri make, mugihe cyo gucukura urutare, guhuza urudodo hejuru yinkoni yo hejuru yinyundo ni kamwe mubice byambere bikoresha ingufu kandi nimpamvu ikomeye yo kunanirwa inkoni hakiri kare.

Nkuko Budisime yigisha, "inkomoko ishingiye ku busa, kandi umuntu ntagomba gutsimbarara ku buryo bumwe." Hamwe niterambere rigenda ritera imbere mubumenyi nubuhanga, birakwiye ko twibaza niba imiterere yinsanganyamatsiko ikoreshwa aribwo buryo bwiza kandi bwanyuma bwo guhuza inganda zikora hydraulic.